Lindberg/Blue M™ LGO Box Furnaces by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Box furnaces(also called Ash furnaces) have many applications in modern research and chemistry laboratories. These furnaces are used to determine the amount of non-combustible and non-volatile (ash) material in a sample. To determine the ash quantity, a sample is placed in the furnace and exposed to high temperatures (typically up to 1,100°C) for a given period of time. The combustible and volatile material in the sample is burned off and removed from the furnace, typically as gas.

在操作过程中，将炉子放在烟雾罩中，以使气体安全排气。手术完成后炉中的剩余材料完全由灰烬组成，灰烬在高温下未燃烧。此过程通常用于煤炭和石油焦炭程序。

Amuffle furnaceis used for many of the same types of protocols as an ashing furnace. The use of mechanical convection in these ovens directs airflow out of an exhaust muffle, which typically eliminates the need to place the furnace under a fume hood.

炉子炉的常见应用包括高温应用，例如融合玻璃，创建搪瓷涂料，陶瓷以及焊接和腌制的物品。同样，用于加热元件的材料的进展，例如二硅钼，现在可以产生高达1,800摄氏度（3,272华氏度）的工作温度，从而有助于更复杂的金属应用。

管炉用于合成和纯化化合物，主要是无机的。这些炉子由圆柱形腔组成，该腔腔通过腔室外的一个或多个加热元件加热。腔的温度最高可达到1,100°C。此外，管炉通常具有一个（或更多）加热腔，可以通过热电偶反馈来控制，在不同的时间内将材料暴露于不​​同温度。例如，可以在管炉中执行运输反应，需要在同一隔间内进行多个温度区域。晶体的产生也来自运输反应。

使用管炉制备的材料的一个例子是超导体Yttrium钡铜氧化物（YBA2CU3O7），CUO，BAO和Y2O3的混合物。使用氧气将混合物在几百度的管炉中加热，以帮助达到所需的结果。其他超导体是使用特定的管炉“食谱”创建的，具体取决于其个人反应特征和控制标准。

Other factors will influence your selection of a furnace, whether for metallurgic, semiconductor or chemicals processes. Most importantly, you will want to select a furnace that offers the appropriate temperature range for your application. In addition, many experiments require the introduction of a process gas for transport processes. If your application requires an inert gas, you will want to select a furnace that provides a warming gradient. Lastly, the configuration of the furnace will need to be determined: muffle, box or tubing furnaces all are offered in a wide range of shapes and sizes.